The 32 cards in the German deck are Daus (2), King, Ober, Unter, 10, 9, 8, and 7 in all four suits. Some players in Eastern and Southern Germany and Austria prefer German decks with the suits of Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells. The French deck consists of 32 cards which are Ace, King, Queen, Jack, 10, 9, 8 and 7 in all four suits (Clubs, Spades, Hearts and Diamonds). If declarer wins he is awarded a positive score, if he loses the score is doubled and subtracted from declarer’s tally (i.e. Points from tricks are not directly added to the players’ overall score, they are used only to determine the outcome of the game (win or loss for declarer), although winning by certain margins may increase the score for that round.Īfter each round a score is awarded in accordance with the Game Value. Otherwise, the defending team wins the round. Declarer’s goal is to take at least 61 points in tricks in order to win that round of the game. The total face value of all cards is 120 points. Each card has a face value (except in Null games) and is worth that number of points for the player winning the trick. Then, ten tricks are played, allowing players to take trick points. In this case, the dealer will sit out the round that was dealt.Ī central aspect of the game are the three coexisting varieties called “ Suit’, “ Grand’ and “ Null’ game, that differ in suit order, scoring and even overall goal to achieve.Įach round of the game starts with a bidding phase to determine declarer and the required minimum Game Value (explained below). The game can also be played by four players. The two defenders are not allowed to communicate in any way except by their choice of cards to play. At the beginning of each round, one player becomes declarer and the other two players become the defending team. Note: Because of the many variations in the rules of Skat, the rules below are necessarily general, although rules not found in official German tournament play are marked as such. The word scarto is still used in some other Italian card games to this day, and in some German works the word is found spelled scat. The word Skat is a Tarok term derived from the Italian word scarto, scartare, which means to discard or reject, and its derivative scatola, a box or a place for safe-keeping. The current rules, followed by both the ISPA and the German Skat Federation, date from Jan. These were the first official rules finally published in a book form in 1888 by Theodor Thomas of Leipzig. Nevertheless, the rules continued to differ from one region to another until the first attempt to set them in order was made by a congress of Skat players on 7 August 1886 in Altenburg. The first book on the rules of Skat was published in 1848 by a secondary school teacher J. But the main innovation of this new game was that of the bidding process. He then made two discards, constituting the Skat, and announced a contract. In the earliest known form of the game, the player in the first seat was dealt twelve cards and the other two players ten each. It has become the most loved and widely played German card game, especially in German-speaking regions. Skat was developed by the members of the Brommesche Tarok-Gesellschaft between 18 in Altenburg, in what is now the Federated State of Thuringia, Germany, based on the three-player game of Tarock, also known as Tarot, and the four-player game of Schafkopf (the American equivalent being Sheepshead). Along with Doppelkopf it is the most popular card game in Germany and Silesia. Skat ( German pronunciation: ) is a 3-player trick-taking card game devised in early 19th-century Germany.
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